Web server
A web server is a program or equipment that processes HTTP requests and returns web pages to clients.
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What is a web server in simple words
A web server is a program (or a computer with this program) that accepts requests from browsers and sends back web pages, pictures, videos and other files.
Imagine a web server as a waiter in a restaurant: you (the browser) place an order (an HTTP request), and the waiter (the web server) brings you a dish (a web page). Without a web server, a site simply cannot deliver a page to you.
How a web server works
The request processing process:
- Receiving the request: The client (browser) sends an HTTP request to the server address.
- Processing: The web server determines which file or script needs to be executed.
- Response generation: The server collects HTML, CSS, JavaScript and sends it to the client.
- Sending the response: The client receives the page and displays it in the browser.
Popular web servers
- NGINX: The most popular web server in the world. High performance, load balancing, reverse proxy. Used on 34% of all websites.
- Apache HTTP Server: One of the oldest and most common. Flexible configuration through .htaccess.
- Microsoft IIS: A web server for Windows Server, integrated with ASP.NET.
- Caddy: A modern web server with automatic HTTPS (Let's Encrypt).
Web server vs application
The web server serves static files (HTML, CSS, pictures). The application (app server) executes business logic (PHP, Python, Node.js). Often a single NGINX process works as a web server (serves static content) and proxies dynamic requests to the application.
Frequently asked questions
What is a web server in simple words?
A web server is a program that serves website pages to your browser. When you visit a site, your browser sends a request to the web server, and it returns the page.
Which web server is better — NGINX or Apache?
NGINX is faster and more efficient under high loads, better suited for proxying. Apache is easier to configure for small projects. Most modern sites use NGINX.
Can a web server be installed at home?
Yes, you can install NGINX or Apache on a home computer. But for the site to work, a static IP or DDNS, open ports and stable internet are needed. For serious projects, it is better to use hosting.
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Web server
A web server is a program or equipment that processes HTTP requests and returns web pages to clients.
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